Journal: Cancers
Article Title: Inhibition of PARP Sensitizes Chondrosarcoma Cell Lines to Chemo- and Radiotherapy Irrespective of the IDH1 or IDH2 Mutation Status
doi: 10.3390/cancers11121918
Figure Lengend Snippet: Chondrosarcoma cell lines are homologous recombination proficient and maintain nominal expression of Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM). ( A ) The amount of RAD51 foci per geminin-positive cell after 2 h or 24 h recovery of 5 Gy γ-radiation treatment. All cell lines showed an induction of RAD51 foci 2 h after treatment. JJ012 cells retained DNA damage signalling after 24 h. Quantification was performed with a previously published ImageJ macro . Every data point represents a geminin-positive cell. The mean ± standard deviation is depicted per treatment group. Significant changes towards 0 Gy controls were determined with a Kruskal–Wallis/Dunn’s test at * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001. ( B ) The percentage of geminin-positive cells with >5 RAD51 foci. Cut-offs for homologous recombination status after 2 h recovery of 5 Gy γ-radiation treatment: 0–20% is impaired, 20–50% is intermediate, and 50–100% is normal. All cell lines showed activation of the homologous recombination pathway. JJ012 cells retained activation of the DNA repair pathway after 24 h. ( C ) Representative images per treatment condition of several single cells. ( D ) Western blot for ATM expression. ATM expression was not correlated with IDH mutation status. The α-tubulin was used as a loading control. All samples were loaded on the same gel. Whole blot with densitometry readings can be found in C. Graph represents the quantification of ATM expression normalized to α-tubulin.
Article Snippet: Blots were examined for expression of cleaved caspase 3 (1:1000, clone 8G10, Cell Signaling Technology, Leiden, The Netherlands), cleaved PARP (1:1000, clone 46D11, Cell Signaling Technology), poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymer (1:500, clone 10H, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) (1:500, clone D2E2, Cell Signaling Technology) and γ-H2AX (1:1000, clone 20E3, Cell Signaling Technology).
Techniques: Homologous Recombination, Expressing, Standard Deviation, Activation Assay, Western Blot, Mutagenesis, Control